配电柜是企业生产、办公的供电设备。它主要分为高压开关柜和低压配电柜。配电柜种类繁多，以下是一些常见的类型：
Switchgear is the power supply equipment for enterprises' production and office. It is mainly divided into high-voltage switchgear and low-voltageswitchgear. There are many types of switchgear and here are some common types:
按用途分类：
According to the purpose classification:
进线柜：主要用于接收来自电网的电能，一般安装有断路器、隔离开关等，对进线电源进行控制和保护。例如在一个工厂的供电系统中，进线柜接收来自变电站的高压电。
Incoming cabinet: Mainly used to receive power from the power grid, generally equipped with circuit breakers, disconnectors, etc., to control and protect the incoming power supply. For example, in the power supply system of a factory, the incoming cabinet receives high-voltage electricity from the substation.
出线柜：是将经过配电柜分配后的电能输送到各个用电设备或支路的柜子。它可以为不同的负载，如电机、照明等电路提供合适的电能输出，内部也配备有相应的保护装置。
Outgoing cabinet: It is the cabinet that transports the power distributed through theswitchgear to various electrical equipment or branches. It can provide suitable power output for different loads, such as motor, lighting and other circuits, and is also equipped with corresponding protection devices inside.
计量柜：专门用于电能计量的配电柜。内部装有电度表、互感器等计量设备，能够准确测量用户的用电量，常见于需要精确计量电能消耗的场所，如商业写字楼的配电室。
Metering cabinet: A switchgear to power metering. It is equipped with watt-hour meters, transformers and other metering equipment inside, which can accurately measure the electricity consumption of users, and is commonly seen in places that require accurate measurement of power consumption, such as the power distribution room of a commercial office building.
补偿柜：用于无功补偿，提高电网的功率因数。其内部有电容器、电抗器等设备。当电网中的感性负载较多时，补偿柜可通过投入适当的电容来减少无功功率的传输，降低线路损耗，一般工业企业等用电量大且感性负载多的地方会使用。
Compensation cabinet: Used for reactive power compensation to improve the power factor of the power grid. It has equipment such as capacitors and reactors inside. When there are more inductive loads in the power grid, the compensation cabinet can reduce the transmission of reactive power by putting in appropriate capacitors, reduce line losses, and is generally used in places with large electricity consumption and more inductive loads, such as industrial enterprises.
按电压等级分类：
According to the voltage level classification:
高压配电柜：通常适用于电压等级在3kV及以上的电网。例如10kV的高压配电柜在城市的配电网中广泛应用于向小区、工厂等分配电能，内部的电气设备绝缘要求高，结构设计更注重安全距离和灭弧能力。
High-voltageswitchgear: Usually applicable to power grids with a voltage level of 3kV and above. For example, a 10kV high-voltageswitchgear is widely used in urban distribution networks to distribute power to residential areas, factories, etc. The electrical equipment inside has high insulation requirements, and the structural design pays more attention to the safety distance and arc extinguishing ability.
低压配电柜：电压等级一般为0.4kV及以下。常见于建筑物内的配电室，为照明、插座、电梯等低压用电设备供电，内部电器元件相对紧凑，操作和维护相对简单。
Low-voltageswitchgear: The voltage level is generally 0.4kV and below. Commonly found in the power distribution room of a building, it supplies power to low-voltage electrical equipment such as lighting, sockets, elevators, etc. The internal electrical components are relatively compact, and the operation and maintenance are relatively simple.
按结构形式分类：
According to the structural form classification:
固定式配电柜：其内部的电器元件和设备都是固定安装的。这种配电柜结构简单、成本较低，但灵活性较差，后期如果需要对内部电路进行改造或扩充，操作较为复杂，常用于对电气系统变动需求较小的场所。
Fixed switchgear: The electrical components and equipment inside are fixedly installed. This type ofswitchgear has a simple structure and low cost, but the flexibility is poor. If it is necessary to reform or expand the internal circuit in the later stage, the operation is more complicated, and it is commonly used in places with less demand for changes in the electrical system.
抽屉式配电柜：电器元件安装在抽屉式的单元中，可以方便地抽出和插入。这种结构方便检修和维护，当某个回路出现故障时，可以快速抽出相应抽屉进行检修，而不影响其他回路的正常运行，广泛应用于对供电可靠性和可维护性要求较高的场所，如医院、数据中心等。
Drawer-type switchgear: Electrical components are installed in drawer-type units and can be easily pulled out and inserted. This structure is convenient for maintenance and repair. When a circuit fails, the corresponding drawer can be quickly pulled out for maintenance without affecting the normal operation of other circuits. It is widely used in places with high requirements for power supply reliability and maintainability, such as hospitals, data centers, etc.
